Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: USDA-FSA-APFO Publication_Date: 20150709 Title: USDA-FSA-APFO Digital Ortho Mosaic Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Salt Lake City, Utah Publisher: USDA_FSA_APFO Aerial Photography Field Office Description: Abstract: This data set contains imagery from the National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP). The NAIP acquires digital ortho imagery during the agricultural growing seasons in the continental U.S.. A primary goal of the NAIP program is to enable availability of ortho imagery within one year of acquisition. The NAIP provides two main products: 1 meter ground sample distance (GSD) ortho imagery rectified to a horizontal accuracy within +/- 5 meters of reference digital ortho quarter quads (DOQQ's) from the National Digital Ortho Program (NDOP) or from the National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP); 1 meter or 1/2 meter GSD ortho imagery rectified within +/- 6 meters to true ground. The tiling format of NAIP imagery is based on a 3.75' x 3.75' quarter quadrangle with a 300 pixel buffer on all four sides. The NAIP imagery is formatted to the UTM coordinate system using the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD83). The NAIP imagery may contain as much as 10% cloud cover per tile. This file was generated by compressing NAIP imagery that covers the county extent. Two types of compression may be used for NAIP imagery: MrSID and JPEG 2000. The target value for the compression ratio is 15:1 for the 1 meter imagery and 60:1 for the 1/2 meter imagery. Purpose: The NAIP imagery is typically available for distribution within 60 days of the end of a flying season and is intended to provide current information of agricultural conditions in support of USDA farm programs. For USDA Farm Service Agency, the 1 meter and 1/2 meter GSD product provides an ortho image base for Common Land Unit boundaries and other data sets. The NAIP imagery is generally acquired in projects covering full states in cooperation with state government and other federal agencies who use the imagery for a variety of purposes including land use planning and natural resource assessment. The NAIP is also used for disaster response often providing the most current pre-event imagery. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20150424 Currentness_Reference: Photography Source Image Dates. Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: Irregular Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -82.3793369302 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -81.6212390787 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 34.8158293629 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 34.1842341758 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: farming Theme_Keyword: Digital Ortho Rectified Image Theme_Keyword: Mosaic Theme_Keyword: Quarter Quadrangle Theme_Keyword: Ortho Rectification Theme_Keyword: Compression Theme_Keyword: MrSID Theme_Keyword: JPEG 2000 Theme_Keyword: NAIP Theme_Keyword: Compliance Theme_Keyword: Aerial Compliance Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System Place_Keyword: LAURENS CO., SC Place_Keyword: FIPS 45059 Place_Keyword: Laurens Place_Keyword: SC Access_Constraints: There are no limitations for access. Use_Constraints: None, The USDA-FSA Aerial Photography Field Office asks to be credited in derived products. If defects are found in the NAIP imagery during the 1 year warranty period such as horizontal offsets, replacement imagery may be provided. Imagery containing defects that require the acquisition of new imagery, such as excessive cloud cover, specular reflectance, etc., will not be replaced within a NAIP project year. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: USDA-FSA Aerial Photography Field Office Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 2222 West 2300 South City: Salt Lake City State_or_Province: Utah Postal_Code: 84119-2020 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 801-844-2922 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 801-956-3653 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: apfo.sales@slc.usda.gov Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: None Browse_Graphic_File_Description: None Browse_Graphic_File_Type: None Native_Data_Set_Environment: NAIP 3.75 Quarter Quadrangles mosaicked into a County format using data compression software. The target values for the compression ratio are 15:1 for the 1 meter imagery and 60:1 for the 1/2 meter imagery. Data_Quality_Information: Logical_Consistency_Report: NAIP 3.75 minute tile file names are based on the USGS quadrangle naming convention. Completeness_Report: None Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: NAIP Specifications Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: N/A 2d only Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: USDA-FSA Aerial Photography Field Office Publication_Date: 20150709 Title: LAURENS CO, SC Source_Scale_Denominator: 12000 Type_of_Source_Media: External Media Types Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 20150424 Source_Currentness_Reference: Majority Aerial Photography Date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: MrSID Compressed Image Source_Contribution: Mosaicked County Image Process_Step: Process_Description: The imagery was collected using the following digital sensors: Leica ADS-100 (Serial Number 10547) Leica ADS-100 (Serial Number 10552) with Flight and Sensor Control Management System (FCMS) firmware 4.40. Cameras are calibrated radiometrically and geometrically by the manufacturer and are all certified by the USGS. Collection was performed using a combination of the following twin-engine aircraft: Turbines flying at 16,500 ft above mean terrain (tail number: AC90 N910FC) (tail number: C402 N246MP) With these flying heights, there is a 23% sidelap, giving the collected data nominal ground sampling distance of 0.40 meters at 16,500. Based-upon the CCD Array configuration present in the ADS digital sensor, imagery for each flight line is 12,000-pixels in width. Red, Green, Blue, Near-Infrared and Panchromatic image bands were collected. The ADS 100 has the following band specifications: Red 619-651 Green 525-585 Blue 435-495 Near Infrared 808-882 all values are in nanometers Collected data was downloaded to portable hard drives and shipped to the processing facility daily. Raw flight data was extracted from external data drives using XPro software. Airborne GPS / IMU data was post-processed using INYS, PosPac and/or TerraPos software and reviewed to ensure sufficient accuracy for project requirements. Using Inpho software, planar rectified images were generated from the collected data for use in image quality review. The planar rectified images were generated at five meter resolution using a two standard deviation histogram stretch. Factors considered during this review included but were not limited to the presence of smoke and/or cloud cover, contrails, light conditions, sun glint and any sensor or hardware-related issues that potentially could result in faulty data. When necessary, image strips identified as not meeting image quality specifications were re-flown to obtain suitable imagery. Aero triangulation blocks were defined primarily by order of acquisition and consisted of four to seventeen strips. Image tie points providing the observations for the least squares bundle adjustment were selected from the images using an auto correlation algorithm. Photogrammetric control points consisted of photo identifiable control points, collected using GPS field survey techniques. The control points were loaded in to a softcopy workstation and measured in the acquired image strips. A least squares bundle adjustment of image pass points, control points and the ABGPS was performed to develop an aero triangulation solution for each block using Pictovera software. Upon final bundle adjustment, the triangulated strips were ortho-rectified to the digital elevation model (DEM) The most recent USGS 10 meter DEMs were used in the rectification process. Positional accuracy was reviewed in the rectified imagery by visually verifying the horizontal positioning of the known photo-identifiable survey locations using ArcGIS software. The red, green, blue, and infrared bands were combined to generate a final ortho-rectified image strip. The ADS sensor collects twelve bit image data which requires radiometric adjustment for output in standard eight bit image channels. The ortho-rectified image strips were produced with the full 12 bit data range, allowing radiometric adjustment to 8 bit range to be performed on a strip by strip basis during the final mosaicking steps. The 12 bit data range was adjusted for display in standard eight bit image channels by defining a piecewise histogram stretch using OrthoVista Radiometrix software. A constant stretch was defined for each image collection period, and then strip by strip adjustments were made as needed to account for changes in sun angle and azimuth during the collection period. Strip adjustments were also made to match the strips histograms as closely as possible to APFO specified histogram metrics and color balance requirements. Automated balancing algorithms were applied to account for bi- directional reflectance as a final step before the conversion to 8 bit data range. The imagery was mosaicked using manual seam line generation in OrthoVista. APFO specified DOQQs were extracted from the final mosaic in GeoTIFF format. 4-Band DOQQs were produced and 3-Band RGB CCMs were created. DOQQs corresponding to an individual CCM were reviewed for overall color balance within the CCM. Local corrections were made where necessary to ensure uniformity within the CCM. In the case of DOQQs occurring in more than one CCM, a separate version of the image was generated and balanced for each CCM it occurred in. The color balanced DOQQs were then compressed to MrSID Generation 3 format at 15:1 compression ratio to create a composite CCM. Process_Date: 20150709 Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Indirect_Spatial_Reference: LAURENS CO., SC ortho_1-1_1n_s_sc059_2015_1 Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster Raster_Object_Information: Raster_Object_Type: Pixel Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 17 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -81 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.0 False_Easting: 500000 False_Northing: 0.0 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 1.000000 Ordinate_Resolution: 1.000000 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: ortho_1-1_1n_s_sc059_2015_1 Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: None Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Supervisor Customer Services Section Contact_Organization: USDA-FSA Aerial Photography Field Office Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 2222 West 2300 South City: Salt Lake City State_or_Province: Utah Postal_Code: 84119-2020 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 801-844-2922 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 801-956-3653 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: apfo.sales@slc.usda.gov Distribution_Liability: In no event shall the creators, custodians, or distributors of this information be liable for any damages arising out of its use (or the inability to use it). Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: Compressed County Mosaic Format_Information_Content: Natural Color Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: None Offline_Option: Offline_Media: DVD-R Recording_Format: ISO 9660 Offline_Option: Offline_Media: USB Hard Disk Recording_Format: NTFS Offline_Option: Offline_Media: FireWire Hard Disk Recording_Format: NTFS Offline_Option: Offline_Media: Flash drive Recording_Format: Fat32 or NTFS Fees: Contact the Aerial Photography Field Office for more information Resource_Description: Mosaicked County Image for Laurens, SC FIPS 45059 Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20150709 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: USDA-FSA Aerial Photography Field Office Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 2222 West 2300 South City: Salt Lake City State_or_Province: Utah Postal_Code: 84119-2020 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 801-844-2900 Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998